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Kaplankyr Nature Reserve

Date of publication: 19 April 2024 / Views: 1,059

The Kaplankyr Nature Reserve was created in 1979 in the northern part of the Karakum Desert on an area of 28,220 hectares. It also includes Shakhsenemsky and Sarykamyshsky reserves. The entire complex of protected areas covers the harsh region of clayey and partly sandy deserts, including Sarykamysh Lake, where 83 species of birds, mostly migratory, nest, rest and feed. The main purpose of the reserve is to save the Ustyurt sheep, which is on the verge of extinction. In addition, goitered gazelles and kulans brought from Badkhyza, as well as herds of saigas migrating from the steppes of Kazakhstan in winter, are protected. Among the predators, the caracal, honey badger, wolves, foxes, jackals and wild cats live here. Reptiles are represented by monitor lizards, a few species of lizards and snakes. The vegetation cover of clay deserts, in particular, the vast Kaplankyr plateau (cheetah plateau), is represented by low subshrubs from the goosefoot family. The coastal sands of Sarykamysh are supported by sedge, reeds, and in places black saxaul. There are about 300 species of flowering plants here. Among them are the Khiva solyanka and the liana-like shrub, which are listed in the Red Book. The extremely harsh soil and climatic conditions of the region hinder the growth of the number of game animals. The reserve staff monitors the state of the food supply of ungulates and the dynamics of their numbers, which is reflected in the annual “Chronicles of Nature”. Researchers devote a lot of time to promoting measures to protect wildlife.

Animals

Plants

Red Book

The Kaplankyr Nature Reserve or Kaplankyr Nature Reserve (Turkmen: Gaplaňgyr goraghanasy) is located on the southern edge of the Ustyurt Plateau in the Dashoguz region in northern Turkmenistan. It covers an area of 2822 km², and together with two reserves included in its protective zone, 8210 km². In the 1980s, the ecosystems of the Zaunguz Karakum, Sarykamysh depression and South-Eastern Ustyurt were studied in order to develop the scientific basis for the conservation and restoration of the region’s ecosystems. It was carried out by the scientific department of the reserve (V.M. Shubenkin, V.Yu. Chernov and others) within the framework of state budgetary planned topics. As in other reserves, a “Chronicle of Nature” is being maintained here, and together with employees of the National Institute of Deserts, Flora and Fauna, field trips are conducted to study the current state of biodiversity of this interesting area in the north of Turkmenistan.

Fauna
26 species of mammals and 147 species of birds are registered in the Kaplankyr Nature Reserve. Protected rare species of mammals living in the reserve are the gazelle, Ustyurt urial, and honey badger. In winter, herds of saigas from neighboring Karakalpakstan migrate to the reserve. In the 1980s, the kulan was reacclimatized. According to zoogeographical zoning, the territory belongs to the desert-steppe subregion of the Palaearctic zoogeographical region. Southern Ustyurt, where the main part of the reserve is located, is part of the Ustyurt region of the Kazakh zoogeographical province; The Sarykamysh and Shasenemsky reserves, as well as the adjacent Zaunguz Karakum, belong to the Iranian province of the Central Asian Desert District. A characteristic feature of the animal world of the reserve is also due to the geographical location of the reserve in the zone of transition from northern to southern types of deserts. With regard to insects, in general, it can be said that beetles, locusts and termites are common in clayey flat areas, and mosquitoes, ants, and lepidoptera are common in sandy habitats; of beetles – darkling beetles and weevils. The Kaplankyrsky reserve also includes two reserves: the Sarykamysh reserve, with an area of 210,400 hectares, organized in 1980 to protect lake-coastal ecosystems, and the Shakhsenemsky reserve, 270,000 hectares, created in 1983 to preserve rocky deserts.

The Kaplankyr Nature Reserve was created in 1979 in the northern part of the Karakum Desert on an area of 28,220 hectares. It also includes Shakhsenemsky and Sarykamyshsky reserves. The entire complex of protected areas covers the harsh region of clayey and partly sandy deserts, including Sarykamysh Lake, where 83 species of birds, mostly migratory, […] [...]
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Photos from the reserve

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